A material's temperature, crystal structure, and impurities influence the value of thermoelectric coefficients.
2.
The Thomson coefficient is unique among the three main thermoelectric coefficients because it is the only one directly measurable for individual materials.
3.
The thermoelectric coefficients of the wires in a thermocouple that is used to measure very high temperatures may change with time, and the measurement voltage accordingly drops.
4.
The "'thermal conductivity "'in the cross-plane direction of the lattice is usually very low, but depending on the type of superlattice, the "'thermoelectric coefficient "'may increase because of changes to the band structure.
5.
The net current is given by \ scriptstyle \ mathbf J =-\ sigma S \ boldsymbol \ nabla T, where ( as shown below ) the thermoelectric coefficient \ scriptstyle \ sigma S depends literally on how conductive high-energy carriers are, compared to low-energy carriers.
6.
The errors can be minimized through proper design by keeping all junctions at the same temperature, and by employing only metal pairings with low thermoelectric coefficients ( down to the external connectors and cables used; for example, a standard 4 mm plug / socket combination may have a coefficient of 1 ?V / �C compared to only 0.07 ?V / �C for a " low thermal EMF " grade plug / socket ).
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